During prior debates, tensions ran high, leading to a labor MP being expelled for heated remarks. Critics, including Labour's Chris Hipkins and Māori Party representatives, condemned the initiative as dangerous and divisive, arguing that it misrepresented the values of the Treaty and would adversely affect Māori rights. Notably, the Bill received over 300,000 public submissions, representing the largest response to any proposed legislation in New Zealand's history.

While the principles of the Treaty have yet to be codified in law, they have influenced various legislative measures over time. The Act's proposed reforms aimed to clarify these principles, asserting government authority, ensuring respect for Māori rights, and promoting equality before the law. However, many opponents voiced concerns that the bill would undermine Māori progress and exacerbate social divisions.

Despite the defeat, advocates signal ongoing discussions about the Treaty and future pathways to unity in New Zealand society. The focus now shifts to addressing the wider implications of treaty relations and enhancing societal cohesion without compromising Māori interests.