The US embassy has issued a warning to Americans about a newly enacted cybersecurity law in Zambia, which mandates the interception of all electronic communications, raising concerns over privacy and freedom of expression.
US Issues Warning Regarding Zambia's Controversial Cybersecurity Law

US Issues Warning Regarding Zambia's Controversial Cybersecurity Law
The US embassy cautions citizens to remain vigilant due to a new law enabling extensive surveillance in Zambia.
The US embassy in Zambia has alerted its citizens to a newly implemented cybersecurity law that critics describe as "intrusive." This legislation requires the monitoring of all electronic communications—calls, emails, texts, and streamed content—within the country. The law, which Zambia's government justifies as necessary for combating online fraud, child exploitation, and misinformation, has raised alarms among Zambians and foreigners alike.
The broad definition of "critical information" within the law means that nearly any form of online activity could be subjected to scrutiny. In response to the US embassy's cautionary statement, Zambia's foreign ministry defended the law, asserting that it is not intended to infringe on individual privacy. They emphasized that any interception or data request must be based on a court-issued warrant, promoting adherence to procedural standards.
However, concerns have emerged that the law could be weaponized against government dissenters, especially with presidential elections approaching. The establishment of a new cybersecurity unit linked to the president’s office further amplifies fears about potential abuses of power. The legislation provides law enforcement personnel with the authority to search premises and seize electronic devices for evidence of illicit activity, and it allows extradition for offenses under the new law, with severe penalties that could include long-term imprisonment.
Many Zambians were largely unaware of the law until the US embassy issued its warning on social media, prompting concerns over the lack of transparency surrounding its passage, which occurred with little public notice. Critics, including civil rights activists and opposition politicians, have voiced dissatisfaction with the government's apparent shift in stance on privacy and freedom of expression.
For instance, social commentator and activist Laura Miti has called the law "tyrannical" while questioning the US embassy's credibility following its own track record of surveillance. In 2021, current President Hakainde Hichilema previously opposed similar legislation, arguing it undermined freedom of speech. Now, he stands accused by opponents of reversing his position in an alarming manner.
Opposition lawmaker Miles Sampa echoed this sentiment, questioning the president's abrupt change in stance and suggesting that the current state of cybersecurity laws could heavily restrict citizen expression on popular social media platforms.
As the conversation continues, it remains crucial for both citizens and visitors to navigate the complexities of Zambia's new legal landscape. The implications of this law could resonate through the political, social, and personal realms as the nation braces for an upcoming election cycle.