In a sweeping directive, authorities in Indian-administered Kashmir have ordered all educational institutions to examine books and academic materials for objectionable content. The order targets schools, colleges, universities and coaching centres, requiring them to flag any text that may violate religious sentiments or national interests. Critics say the move is a direct attack on academic freedom and an attempt to rewrite the region’s contested history, while pro‑government officials maintain it’s aimed at preventing extremist propaganda.
Since the 2019 revocation of Jammu and Kashmir’s autonomy, the region has seen tighter state control and a reduced scope for civil liberties. The new directive follows a recent row over two school books that were removed for allegedly glorifying separatist leaders. Police arrested three people linked to those books and suspended eight education officials.
Last year, authorities banned 25 titles, including works by prominent writers, on the grounds that they promoted secessionist narratives. The bans are currently under judicial challenge. Political scientists argue such restrictions undermine the constitutional right to freedom of expression, while educators worry about academic censorship in a place where history is deeply contested.
Opposition leaders and civil society groups accuse the government of a broader surveillance trend that suppresses dissent. Meanwhile, the ruling party insists the policy will maintain peace and avoid controversies arising from campus content.
