The Australian state of Queensland has enacted new legislation that permits children as young as 10 years old to face adult penalties for serious offenses, including murder and assault. This change is aimed at responding to community backlash over juvenile crimes, according to the Queensland government. Premier David Crisafulli has declared that these reforms prioritize victim rights in what he describes as a tough stance against youth crime.
However, experts have challenged the validity of this approach, pointing to studies which indicate that harsher sentences do not effectively deter youth crime and may worsen the situation. The United Nations has also condemned the changes, arguing that they contravene international conventions regarding the rights of children.
This legislative shift was a cornerstone of the Liberal National Party's campaign, which underscores a narrative that Queensland is experiencing a significant increase in youth crime. Nevertheless, statistics from the Australian Bureau of Statistics reveal that youth crime rates have decreased by half over the last 14 years, reaching their lowest point on record in 2022.
Dubbed "adult crime, adult time" by the government, the new laws encompass 13 offenses subject to stern penalties for young offenders, including mandatory life sentences for murder with non-parole periods set at 20 years. Previously, the maximum sentence for such offenses was limited to 10 years unless deemed exceptionally grave.
In addition to stricter sentencing, the legislation abolishes provisions that promote non-custodial options for children, allowing judges to consider a child’s complete criminal record during sentencing. The Queensland Police Union has endorsed these reforms, claiming they represent progress in holding young offenders accountable.
However, the changes have been met with criticism regarding their potential adverse effects. Lawyers and advocates have indicated that the legal amendments could lead to an increase in courtroom backlogs, as children may be less inclined to plead guilty in light of increased potential sentences. Queensland, which currently has the highest number of children in detention compared to other Australian states, could see more minors retained in police cells due to overcrowded detention facilities.
The state’s Commissioner for Children, Anne Hollonds, labeled the legislative moves an “international embarrassment” and highlighted the risk of drawing at-risk youths deeper into the justice system. Legal scholars have echoed these sentiments, emphasizing the need for alternative approaches that do not jeopardize the rights of young offenders while addressing public safety concerns.
